Reuse made by the separation of whey can reduce the waste of human milk. However, the authors are not aware of the literature on treatments in human whey, made available by pasteurization holder, freeze-drying, spray drying, and high hydrostatic pressure. In this context, the present study applied treatments to human whey and evaluated their lipid and immunological quality. Among the results, a different formation in the triacylglycerol profile was evidenced after the application of spray drying and high hydrostatic pressure, while pasteurization and freeze-drying presented ion intensity close to the control human whey. In addition, pasteurization proved to be adequate for lipid nutritional quality and transformation factor-β1 (TGF-β1) concentration, while an increase in interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels was promoted, between 73 and 80%, after freeze-drying, spray drying, and high hydrostatic pressure. Through the principal component analysis, it is noteworthy that the processes presented divergences in terms of the effects caused, with similarity only between pasteurization and freeze-drying in the composition of fatty acids. However, it was observed that all processes were able to maintain the nutrients. Nevertheless, it is relevant to consider individual characteristics presented and the interest in the desired quality, which can be promising as a complementary product to infant feeding.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the extraction of bioactive compounds from jaboticaba pomace, produce microcapsules by spray dryer technique, and characterize antioxidant compounds. A factorial experimental design was used in the extraction step. Maltodextrin (DE 10) was used as an encapsulating agent, in a ratio of 1: 1 (w/w), in the microencapsulation process. It was observed the increase of all bioactive compounds analyses comparing jaboticaba pomace with the extract. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed a vibrational stretching aromatic ring (1718 – 1731 cm-1) typical for anthocyanins. The Gaussian deconvolution presented extract peak area 7.56% higher than pomace. The encapsulating agent protected anthocyanins during the drying process. Microencapsulation of bioactive compounds from jaboticaba pomace can be useful for food applications whereas they are a rich source of antioxidant compounds. Moreover, the use of agro-industrial waste is promising linked to the use of clean technology as water as an antioxidant extractor.

Abstract The profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cheeses obtained through fermentation by lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus helveticus and Streptococcus thermophilus were evaluated. The milk used to make the cheeses came from cows fed with flaxseed oil and annato. The cheeses presented microbiological and physic-chemical quality with in the standards established by the legislation for Staphylococci and Listeria. With maturation, there was a reduction in the coliform values for both treatments. Regarding the counts of lactic acid bacteria, these remained viable until the 30th day of maturation and the proteolytic bacteria decreased. For antioxidant capacity, the treatment containing the combination of the strains obtained high ABTS values. There was no significant difference between the treatments with respect to the color of the samples. For texture, there was a significant difference for the parameters cohesion and elasticity. No increase in CLA content was observed in the form of its two main isomers, however, the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids were increased

RESUMO Objetivou-se neste estudo produzir microcápsulas usando o subproduto do processamento de jabuticaba (casca) através da liofilização e avaliar a estabilidade do pó, visando sua aplicação em gelatina. Obteve-se diferentes amostras: extrato puro liofilizado (E), cápsula com maltodextrina (CapM) e cápsula com maltodextrina e goma xantana (CapMG). A estabilidade foi avaliada ao longo do armazenamento a 4 e 25 ºC, com ausência e presença de luz, para parâmetros de cor, compostos fenólicos (CF) e antocianinas monoméricas (AM). Os pós microencapsulados foram aplicados em gelatina e analisou-se a aceitação sensorial em duas etapas para a estabilidade, no primeiro os três pós foram armazenados a 4 °C por 60 dias e no segundo, a amostra que apresentou o melhor resultado foi analisada em relação à presença/ausência de luz. As microcápsulas, independentemente do agente encapsulante, apresentaram menores valores de degradação (CF 2,82% e AM 14,5%) em relação ao extrato E quando expostos à luz e a 25 °C. Em relação à estabilidade da cor, o CapMG apresentou menores variações de ΔE. A menor diferença de cor (ΔE) foi encontrada na amostra de gelatina com CapM na ausência de luz. É possível concluir que a microencapsulação é uma alternativa para preservar extratos de subproduto de jabuticaba, facilitando seu uso, mantendo seus compostos e protegendo contra condições adversas.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to produce microcapsules using ‘jabuticaba’ byproduct through lyophilization, and evaluate the stability of the powder, intended for use in gelatin. Three formulations were prepared, including the pure lyophilized extract (E), capsule with maltodextrin (CapM), and capsule with maltodextrin and xanthan gum (CapMG). The storage stability was evaluated at 4 and 25 ºC, and in the presence and absence of light, regarding color parameters, phenolic compounds and monomeric anthocyanins. The microencapsulated powders were applied in gelatin and analyzed for sensorial acceptance. Following an investigation of the storage stability of the three powders at 4 °C for 60 days, the sample that presented the best result was then analyzed at 25 ºC in the presence/absence of light. Microcapsules, independent of the encapsulant agent, exhibited lower values of degradation (2.82% phenolic compounds and 14.5% monomeric anthocyanins) than extract E when exposed to light and at 25 °C. Regarding color stability, CapMG showed smaller variations in the total color difference (ΔE) than the other samples. The lowest ΔE value corresponded to the gelatin sample with CapM, stored in the absence of light. It is possible to conclude that microencapsulation is an alternative for the preservation of ‘jabuticaba’ byproduct extracts, facilitating their use, retaining some compounds and protecting them against adverse conditions.